Euthanasi The Issue Of Euthanasia - 1427 Words

Assignment made by Turpan Raluca Access to nursing Euthanasia: The main purpose of this essay is to focus on the controversy surrounding the issue of euthanasia and analyse the pros and cons arguments regarding euthanasia. This essay will aim to analyse in further details the complexity of the matter regarding euthanasia and will argue the pros and cons of euthanasia and will also debate the major impact that legalising euthanasia might have on the society, on the medical industry and on the medical practitioners., as does a person should have the right to die, should have the privilege to choose to live in agony or to be relighted from of his pain and suffering? Does a person have the right to pave their own path in life, but don’t have the right to make the ultimate and the most important decision in their life’s? Is it better that a human being continues to struggle and to live in a hazardous life? Should a human be being became a burden for himself and for others around him? In order to analyse all these aspects of euthanasia , and in order to make my essay I will research and examine a wide variety of medical journals, magazine articles and internet sites, with the topic of euthanasia and I will also highlight the close relationship between euthanasia and quality of life. Euthanasia has his roots back in the antient Greeck and in the Roman Civilisations, when it was seen a existed from long time,Show MoreRelatedEuthanasi The Issue Of Euthanasia1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe question of euthanasia, also referred to as mercy killing, is among the most disputable topic on ethics in America. It refers to the intentional putting to death of a person with an incurable or painful disease intended as an act of mercy (Newhealthguide.org, 2016). Euthanasia is closely related to doctor assisted suicide. However, the two acts differ in that, euthanasia means injecting a terminally sick patient with lethal dose of a drug or withdrawing feeding tubes to let the patient die ofRead MoreEuthanasi The Issue Of Euthanasia2130 Words   |  9 Pagesis no point to living, the issue of euthanasia often arises. Euthanasia is technically defined as â€Å"the act or practice of killing someone who is very sick or injured in order to prevent any more suffering (Merriam 1). In America people should have the right to end their life if they chose. The right to life and the right to private and family life under the European convention on human rights should be interpreted broadly to include decisions about the topic of euthanasia is one that is highly disputedRead MoreEuthanasi The Issue Of Euthanasia Essay1780 Words   |  8 PagesEuthanasia is a debatable topic worldwide. Should people be allowed to decide when to terminate their own life? Some terminally ill patients want to be put out of their misery because there is nothing else a doctor or medicine can do for their condition. But others see euthanasia to be morally wrong. Suicide and Euthanasia have two very different meanings that reflect dying. Suicide is intentionally killing oneself because he or she does not want to continue on with life. Euthanasia can be definedRead MoreEuthanasi The Issue Of Legalizing Euthanasia1662 Words   |  7 PagesLegalization of Euthanasia Ata Dogan Student Sheridan College Abstract This paper examines how countries around the world have dealt with euthanasia as an upcoming issue. Looking into the stances, arguments and opinions surrounding the issue of legalizing Euthanasia. It goes into detail about why citizens are requesting legalization and also reviews who are the people specifically that chose to be euthanized. Furthermore, it discusses the negative stance and the positive outcomes of this issue over a person’sRead MoreEuthanasi The Controversial Issue Of Euthanasia1650 Words   |  7 PagesAdelaide students think about legalising voluntary euthanasia in Australia? Introduction The purpose of this research is to seeking and analysing the opinions about legalising voluntary euthanasia within Adelaide students (aged 18-25 years old). With recent changes to legalisation of child euthanasia in Belgium, the controversial issue of euthanasia is currently being re-spotlighted all over the world. Ongoing active discussion on the legalisation of euthanasia mainly debates individual’s choices in ending

Terror and repression were essential elements in establishing Free Essays

string(123) " forced to clap and cheer his name and show him praise because if they didn’t they knew there would be consequences\." Each communist regime, although In different countries have remarkable similarities In how they were seized ND governed. A lot of propaganda was used during these times. The people were all forced to believe in things that weren’t exactly true and if they decided to rebel and stand up for their rights, they would either be killed or held in captivity for the rest of their lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Terror and repression were essential elements in establishing or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have chosen two countries which I will go into more depth on and they are Hungary and Poland. In my opinion these two countries struggled the most through terror and repression, and were helpless during their communist regimes but both countries against all the odds were hungry and willing enough to tend up in the end and fight for their freedom. At the end of the second world war, Budapest in Hungary was in war with soviet soldiers, the streets of Budapest were a war ground, and people took to the streets to try to fight against these soviets. However the soviets were victorious in their quest and took control of Hungary. Mantas Razors who was loyal to the soviets and the communism regime, had his own political party and had backing from the soviets. Rascal’s alma was to convince communism was the way to go for Hangar’s future. In 1947 a free election took place and people had the possibility to freely vote who they anted to run Hangar’s government, but Rakish still managed to come into power, due to terror, repression, intimidation, trial and fraud. Arrack’s first aim in power was to eliminate all threats that could of cause Rakish problems, and his first assassination was the head of the Catholic church. Rakish wanted complete power and anyone who spoke out against the communists were arrested, put on trial and imprisoned for life. This reign of power continued and by the 1949 elections in Hungary there was no opposition left to stand up against Rakish and his soviet ways, he country was now run by soviet lines. It was a tragedy for the Hungarian people. Rakish like most dictators used propaganda methods to keep control of his people. He embedded the message of how he would lead Hungary into a wonderfully bright targeted everything good that Hungary had and ruined them with his corrupted mind. Rakish changed the Hungarian school system, everybody was forced to learn off Russian as a language, everyone also were forced to Join the young pioneers, which was the equivalent of a scout group which was organized by the soviet union for the gees of children from ten to eleven years of age. The young pioneers was founded in 1922 and stopped in 1991, the pioneers attended biblically run summer camps and learnt methods of cooperation. Rakish used a lot of propaganda methods to control his people. Rakish used advertisement to trick the people of Hungary, many ads were shown on Hungarian television promoting the soviet’s in a positive light in everyday possible they showed happy Hungarian smiling and laughing, an example of an ad that was shown at this time was a commercial showing the soviets in a positive light giving over big well bred ax’s to the poor peasants of this liberated country for them to make an income and feed the Hungarian people. Another example was a commercial about cotton, and in the ad it showed soviet cotton being delivered to Hungary to feed Hangar’s textile machinery, so the freezing worker’s of Hungary could cloth themselves in warm material. They also had an ad about the soviets finding new found grain fields which await Hungary, and this would provide Hungary with better quality crops and quick reproduction. These were all great commercials and it really made it seem that communism was he way forward for Hungary, so many more commercials like these were made. The Hungarian were completely and utterly bombarded by news real and advertisement, on their radios, their TV’s and even when they went to the cinema to see a film. Of course these were all fake lies, the ox’s that were shown in the ad were originally Hungarian ox’s and the Russian’s did not give them to the poor peasants, they actually took them from Hungary and brought them to Russia. Workers were also not given free clothing, it took a average paid worker three months wages to build up enough income to purchase one decent coat. The new found grain fields, didn’t exist anywhere near Hungary the fields belonged to Russia and remained in the hands of Russian farmers. The happy smiling faces of the people in the videos were Just hiding the sad grim reality of what was actually happening. The Russian’s also took enormous amounts of food out of Hungary and they imported it into their own country and distributed it to Russian markets all around the country. Hungarian off didn’t realize this was happening until months rolled on and Hungarian shops began to have shortages of food, such as potatoes and vegetables which they had ever had a shortage in before. This began to be a serious problem in Hungary as people were left in hungry. People were at the time now aware of what Rakish was doing but they were simply unable to stand against him due to fear of being imprisoned or even sentenced to death he had stuck terror into the eyes and souls of the Hungarian citizens and had All the people could do was remain in silence and were made to deal with the new circumstances. People were forced to praise to this corrupted evil man. Rakish gave speeches to the people about communism and his plans for the future of Hungary ND how he has plans to make Hungary a new independent country, the people of Hungary knowing what he was saying wasn’t true still were forced to clap and cheer his name and show him praise because if they didn’t they knew there would be consequences. You read "Terror and repression were essential elements in establishing" in category "Papers" Rakish wanted Hungary to go through industrialization. He wanted Hungary to be a country of ‘Iron and Steel’ these being his very own words. However Rakish wasn’t a patient man he wanted his country to miraculously change over night which was very ambitious. The process of Industrialization takes time and Rakish did not give time to anything while in charge. Rakish announced he was going to industrialist Hungary in 1950, and this announcement pleased them greatly, they were very grateful as the Hungarian people thought this would provide employment and wealth for Hungary and this would be the answer to their poverty sticker country. Rakish set his targets high, his ambition lacked the raw materials which they very much needed. High production targets were set. Workers were given quotas which must be met, and if the employee’s did not reach the quota set they were ‘an enemy of the people’ and if u somehow managed to met the quota, you were praised as a DOD communist. Rakish hailed two workers as he said they has supposedly reached these high production targets that Rakish desired, this was again another lie to put on the pile of Arrack’s bundle of lies. They had not really reached the targets but word soon spread around the industries in off Hungary and employees in the factories became bitter and envious toward these two men. This was a piece of tactical genius by Rakish. He then started to demand more work for such miserable wages. Soon work rate began to increase phenomenally but at a cost.. Workers found it impossible to met the quotas and they mound the only way that they could even come close was to cheat. For example workers hammered nails into washing machines instead of screwing them to save time. Although quantity of goods produced, quality of the goods plummeted. Shoes bought which cost a worker a couple of months wages came apart within days. Hungary had it an all time low. Terror and repression was defeating the poor Hungarian. This whole time the communist machine told the citizens of communist victory. People applauded Rakish due to the terror he had embedded into the minds of the Hungarian and the fear they had of him was not worth the risk of imprisonment or death. Rakish had secret undercover police everywhere called the AVOW, they walked around listening in to people conversations, everybody was left paranoid of them being behind their back. They listened to every whisper nobody could say anything negative about the communist regime without fear of been arrested and exiled to concentration camps on the outskirts of Hungary. The AVOW kept files on everybody, and nobody could be sure who the informers were they were trained to require and maintain stealth at all times in all their operations. Even the fear alone of knowing Between 1951 and 1952 thousands of people were deported to the mines, state farms or concentration camps by the AVOW. In 5 families had at least a member of their family or close friend taken away from them, it was impossible to escape the terror. If one family member was arrested, the whole family would be taken away by the AVOW and watched. This fear and paranoia drove people to insanity, which then led to a lot odd suicide’s and during this time 2000 people were executed. Many hated Rakish and the Soviet Union, instead of indoctrinating their generation with the ideas of communism, they sold th e seed of revolt. Poland was another country in Eastern Europe that suffered great terror and repression from 1945. Although the Nazi’s were expelled from Poland in 1945, Poland still remained off controlled by the Soviets for another 1 1 years after until 1956. When the Nazi’s were out of the picture, Poland therefore changed in many manners . In 1946 a referendum was held, they did this instead of holding their promised parliamentary elections and this was test to see if the communist rule was still popular in Poland. However the communists still one the battle of votes due to successful pole rigging, which was so easily done as people feared the communist parties as they were violent and they never show any remorse. Once the communist were in control of Poland their first plan of action was to eliminate all threats that opposed them. So the communist put a ban on miscounts parties. Any sign of citizens of Poland in anyway shape or form who did oppose the communist regime would be exiled. This terror and repression used by the soviets in Poland was the very same as what was used in Hungary. Polish citizens were afraid to stand up against this regime as they eared for their lives and also their families lives, as one person in a families actions could have a detrimental affect on the rest of the family. However in 1947 the Polish United Worker’s party the only left allele party formed. They had their first chance at parliament in the 1947 parliamentary elections, this allowed the party to come up against the Communist, they were shot down very quickly though, as they were powerless to the new placed government controls which were very strict. The election was won by the Communists and the candidates of the Communist party won the majority in the parliament. This ended all opposition to the Communist. Many members of the allele party left the country as there was no hope for them. An AK organization, known as Hollows I Neoclassic meaning Freedom and Sovereignty in English was set up, but it was not set up for violence or combat, it’s main aim was to help some AK soldiers make the transition of being partisan to a civilian of Poland. Although this group did not have many resources to face up to the Soviets they did very well and were successful in showing resistance to the Soviets. The Soviets felt they still needed to abolish all of these groups even though the AK organization was disbanded in late 1945, which probably prevented a civil war from taking place. However, many small groups decided to stay united and the Soviets were never going to be happy unless all their allies were disbanded as this would allow them to have complete control over Poland. How to cite Terror and repression were essential elements in establishing, Papers

Bipolar Disorder Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Bipolar Disorder. Answer: Bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder is a mental illness, which involves shifts in moods ranging from depression to mania. It is a brain disorder that is also known as maniac depressive illness (Miklowitz et al., 2013). People with bipolar disorder experience different symptoms like shifts in someones mood, lack of energy, low motivation, lack of sleep and capability to complete simple daily tasks. These are the key symptoms that are associated with bipolar disorder victims. These symptoms can last for days or even go up to months. (National institute of mental health, 2016). People having a maniac episode may feel elated, can suffer from sleeping disorders, can become agitated, face sleeping disorders, becomes hyperactive than the usual. People with depression episodes may feel extremely down or hopeless, face troubles in concentrating, feeling suicidal. Bipolar victims sometimes go through suicidal thoughts and thats meanly because they feel low, sad and hopeless. There are four basic types of bipolar disorders involving clear changes in energy, mood and activity levels. Bipolar I Disorder- If the maniac episodes lasts for at least 7 days, or the symptoms are so severe that a person might require a hospitalization. Bipolar II Disorder, which shows episodes of Hypomania and depression, although not a full blown maniac. Cyclothymia can last for about 2 years. It is defined by several periods of depression and hypomania. Potential activity limitation associated with bipolar disorder may include the following: mood swings, anger, self harm, depression, difficulty falling asleep might even loss or gain weight. This can lead to widrawal from family and friends. They feel low or hopeless and potentially lose interests in activities, which once appeared to be interesting or pleasant for them. In case of bipolar disorder participation restriction is sometimes required. Although community or outpatient treatment is always better, sometimes admission of the patient without his consent is d one to ensure safety of the patient and the family and avoid impaired judgments associated with the illness (National institute of mental heath, 2016). References Duffy, A., Horrocks, J., Doucette, S., Keown-Stoneman, C., McCloskey, S., Grof, P. (2014). The developmental trajectory of bipolar disorder.The British Journal of Psychiatry,204(2), 122-128. https://www.sciencedirect.com.ez.library.latrobe.edu.au/science/article/pii/S0165032715000786 Miklowitz, D. J., Schneck, C. D., Singh, M. K., Taylor, D. O., George, E. L., Cosgrove, V. E., ... Chang, K. D. (2013). Early intervention for symptomatic youth at risk for bipolar disorder: a randomized trial of family-focused therapy.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,52(2), 121-131. National institute of mental heath. (2016). Bipolar disorder. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml

Power Of Clinton And Blair Essays - Rodham Family,

Power Of Clinton And Blair "We know that no one ever seizes power with the intention of relinquishing it" . In co-operation President Clinton and Prime Minister Blair are renowned for being capable and powerful politicians, be it through the media or through the publics own perceptions this has been shown through high profile world politics in which both men have had major roles. An example of this has been with the Kosovan war in which both leaders joined together showing how important their decisions were. Clinton and Blair have both proved their abilities in gaining public support and retaining the approval given to them from the majority in the form of power. Equally they have retained this power in the face of austere media coverage, as with the Monica Lewinsky scandal involving Clinton or being Blair at the present time. The roles of President and Prime Minister have long been considered the highest positions of political power that resides in America and Britain. However both draw on different sources for their power and stability in these roles. It is for this reason that the stability of these sources and the extent to which Clinton and Blair can make independent changes must be accessed if we are to understand the limitations of their power. Both Clinton and Blair have different power bases from which to be judged. Ostensibly it is President Clinton who appears to have the most significant power base as the political leader of one of the most influential countries in the world. As a significant military power, America is seen as a powerful ally in times of conflict. In addition to, as commander and chief of a military superpower Clinton has reflected power with the ability to represent America's interests abroad with substantial force as with the Gulf War, in this way Clinton can certainly be perceived to be more militarily powerful than any other leader. America's economic force is also an essential factor in establishing the importance of Clinton's decisions and ultimately his power. With the economic strength to enforce trade sanctions and give out loans to large countries such as Russia, Clinton can certainly be seen as economically established. With the fall of Soviet Russia competition for world dominance has decreased and America can be seen to stand alone as a superpower and as its leader Clinton it can be argued is a super leader. Britain despite not being seen in the same way economically or militarily still remains an important world power. With A strong capitalist economy and a respected history of military strength, Britain remains respected by other countries, as does its leader Tony Blair. As a former empirical power Britain has retained important links with large countries such Australia through the Commonwealth. Organisations such as these show England to dominate in world politics. Britain has also although somewhat reluctantly joined one of the most power trades organisations in the world the European Union. The UK is also a member of Nato and combined with the expertise of the British army can be considered to be a strong military force. Because of Britain's status in the world's political forum Blair like Clinton can be considered powerful as a leader of a moderately powerful country. While America is more powerful its leader Clinton is more limited in the decisions he can make on behalf of this superpower.

Forrest Gump Plot Summary Essays

Forrest Gump Plot Summary Essays Forrest Gump Plot Summary Paper Forrest Gump Plot Summary Paper Plot Summary Forrest Gump is the story of an incredibly kind and gentle person who is also what some people might call mildly retarded. Its true that he is not too smart, but he is very fortunate, because he has a mother and friend who love him dearly. Forrest is born and raised in rural Alabama, in the Southern United States. He grows up with his mother, who rents out rooms in the family house to people traveling through the area. Despite his lack of sophistication, and the fact that he was raised far from any major cities, Forrest manages to become personally involved in most of the critical events that take place in American History from the late 1950s until the early 1980s. This includes the Vietnam War, the Watergate Scandal, the Civil Rights and Anti-Vietnam War protest movements, and the Computer Revolution. Forrest even meets three American Presidents as well as Elvis Presley and John Lennon. In a way, this movie is a look at a period of American history through the eyes of a gentle soul who lacks cynicism, but simply accepts things for what they are. Ultimately, it is about the relationships that Forrest develops through his life. With his mother, who will do anything for him, with his two best friends from his days in the army, Bubba and Lieutenant Dan, and most of all, with Jenny, his true childhood sweetheart. Jenny experiences the changes in American culture from a totally different perspective than Forrest, eventually joining the various protest movements and subcultures of the 1960s and 70s. : But in the end, she is faithful to her childhood friend, whose sincerity, kindness and loyalty she would find in no other person. A special note on language usage: Since much of the movie is narrated by Forrest, you should be careful to not internalize the ungrammatical aspects of his personal way of speaking. Aside from the obvious use of double-negatives, Forrest also tends to conjugate the past tense of to be incorrectly, saying we was instead of we were. www. eslnotes. com/movies/html/forrest-gump. html

A Brief History Of The Canadian Pacific Railway History Essay

A Brief History Of The Canadian Pacific Railway History Essay The Railways are very important part of Canada’s history and a part of transportation. â€Å"For more than a century, CP rail was called the Canadian Pacific Railway, and it remains today the railroad that helped to settle the Canadian West in the Second half of the last Century† ( Thomas York 129). The CP was not only built to provide transportation, but it was also built to get British Columbia united with Canada. It also helped many Chinese immigrants to come to Canada and had a strong impact on the political and economic connection between west to east of Canada. It is beyond doubt that the Canadian Pacific Railway was really the one that had Canada united as a country. Chinese workers had an important contribution to the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway in British Columbia. Andrew Onderdonk, an American who was hired for construction contractor for Canadian Pacific Railway in British Columbia, signed agreement with Chinese contractors in China’s Gua ngdong province. Five thousand labourers were sent from China by ship during these contracts and over seven thousand were employed from California. Between 1881 and 1884 there were 17000 Chinese labourers working on Canadian Pacific Railway. Chinese workers got paid â€Å"$1.00 a day, and from this $1.00 the workers had to still pay for their food and their camping and cooking gear, [while] white workers did not have to pay for these things even though they were paid more money $1.50-$2.50 per day†(Library and Archives Canada). The Chinese workers had the most dangerous jobs from others, as they had to break off granite and planted explosives that were used to blow up tunnels. While working on the railway, many died due to accidents, fires and dynamite blasts. The Chinese workers lived in tents, but these tents were unsafe as they did not provide protection from falling rocks. When the Canadian Pacific Railway completed in 1885, the Chinese workers needed to find new jobs. Se veral workers went back to China, while some found a new job as gardeners, cooks and servants. The Chinese moved to east of Canada and settled there, opening restaurants and laundries. When the railway finished, the government passed The Chinese Immigration Act of 1885 charging a Head Tax of $50 to any Chinese coming to Canada. This act was meant to stop Chinese immigration to Canada, but the 1885 act failed and the government passed The Chinese Immigration Act of 1900 to increase the tax to $100 and The Chinese Immigration Act of 1903 to increase the tax to $500. An estimated of $23 million was collected from 1885 and 1923 from the head tax. During this period, the Chinese in Canada lived a bachelor society as families in China would not pay this much money to send their daughters to Canada. After Canada entered World War II, the Chinese communities contributed to Canada’s war efforts and this brought â€Å"independent Chinese immigrants in Canada. . . after Canada eliminat ed race and the â€Å"place of origin† section from its immigration policy in 1967†³(History of Chinese Immigration to Canada, Wikipedia.org). Chinese suffered extreme intolerance and abuse, but thanks to their work of the Trans-Canada railway, Chinese communities developed across the Canada. When the railway was building, many manufacturer began to see this railway had big economic possible.

Borderline Personality Disorder Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Borderline Personality Disorder - Research Paper Example When a person has borderline personality, they are unable to control the emotions that they want to feel, frequently displaying emotions that are inappropriate for any given situation. Borderline personality alters the way in which a person views themselves, their surroundings, and their relationships with others. One of the first signs that someone may be suffering from borderline personality disorder is that they begin to look down on themselves, regarding themselves as evil or worthless, or feeling as though they do not exist at all. The person becomes insecure and loses their sense of self-worth. This often leads to problems within the work area, family, or intimate relationships. One moment the person may completely adore someone, and then the next moment they may want absolutely nothing to do with them (Kreisman & Straus, 1991); these feelings can also describe how a person feels about themselves. Someone being effected by borderline personality disorder cannot decide how they really feel about someone, and even if their explanations of their feelings to themselves make sense, their emotions often say something entirely different. To make matters worse, thei r emotions change from day to day, so they can never pinpoint their honest feelings. Other symptoms of borderline personality disorder include risky behavior, such as unsafe sex, gambling, drug and alcohol use and abuse, and reckless driving, as well as a difficulty in controlling the impulses to engage in the aforementioned activities. Intense emotions that come and go often, uncalled for anger and negativity, and harsh but random spikes of depression or anxiety, and suicidal thoughts and attempts are also symptoms that have been linked to borderline personality disorder. One of the more common symptoms is a fear of being alone, as a person with borderline personality realizes that they are pushing people away without that being their intentions, yet they are not sure how to make their emotions

Restaurant Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Restaurant Review - Essay Example The dress code is official with gentlemen advised to wear a coat, no jeans or slip-on shoes and ladies are also encouraged to dress appropriately. The moment you step into Acquerello all your senses are ignited. The setting is impeccable consisting of white clothed tables with centered unique rose flower decoration surrounded by artistic wood chairs. The ambience is enhanced by warm colored stucco walls and the yellow- golden lighting that gives you a comfortable romantic feel. A former chapel, the restaurant has a dark wood open beam cathedral ceiling with a sixty seat capacity that is spacious and provides privacy (Bauer 58). The restaurant members of staff are very professional, providing exemplary service that makes you feel well cared for and special. The charming waiters are impeccably dressed. They patiently wait as you give the order writing down every single specification you may have and with a slight head bow rush to place the order in quick, agile yet gracious steps. Giancarlo Partelini and Executive chef Suzette Greshman the operators of the restaurant seems to give quality service all the seriousness it deserves and can be seen serving the customers and chatting with them to ensure satisfaction. The operators of the restaurant have succeeded in their vision of making Acquerello a place to find unforgettable seamless service over the past twenty years. The wine team led by Giancarlo Partelini, the wine director, comprises of wine experts/ sommeliers that are dedicated to giving you a totally enjoyable experience. The wine collection is made of carefully chosen wide range of both vintage and modern wine. My favorite being Italian red wine made from Nebbiolo grapes from a region called Piemonte in Italy. The sommelier also provided us with an envelope giving more details about the wine and where it could be bought in San Francisco which was most thoughtful of him. The prices are twenty five dollars for a three hundred

The current and also the future patterns in the UK Essay Example for Free

The current and also the future patterns in the UK Essay For this criterion I will discuss the current and also the future patterns in the UK.I will also discuss who is going to be affected by the new changes and will provide statistics to support my answer which is also going to discuss the inequalities of health. There are many factors which affect the health of the public who are in the United Kingdom. However the UK has become a better place to live in compared to living here in the 19 or 2oth century. The main disadvantage is always due to social class. This is because if a person is in a higher class they are able to have the best things and highest quality of care in order to make sure they have the best health. However if someone is from a lower social class they are more likely to spend wisely and think about what they are spending their money and how they are spending money. Usually people in lower class donà ¢t always live in the best areas and they live in overcrowded, polluted areas which can also affect their There are many factors that are likely to influence current health and could carry on influencing patterns of health in the UK. Some of the factors that could this are: * Socio-economic  * Environmental * Genetic * Lifestyle Socio-economic Factors There are many socio-economic factors that are likely to influence current health. If people are living in poor housing conditions which could mean that their health might not be so good, they could be given housing benefits to improve the conditions. If the area where you are living, the environment might not be very good, like the waste management could be bad. To stop this from happening, all the waste management could be recycled. In the urban areas, there will be easy access to health services; although this is a good thing, there can be a lot of pollution as there will be a lot of transport in the area. Whereas in rural areas, the area would be quite but you will not have easy access to health services. This would mean that if you are not well or needed to see a doctor, then you would have to go to a town to the doctors which would far away and expensive. To make it easier for people not to travel all the way to town to go to the doctors, they could provide doctors surgery in the rural area or could have a doctor that would be around the area all the time, like the district nurse.

Essay --

A soldier, conscripted or not, will face many stresses during their career. Serving for any amount of time is a trial, but some are more suited to the military than others. A drafted soldier may go through their entire mandatory term feeling miserable and insufficient, completely overwhelmed by the tasks that military professionals easily complete. These pressures and the denial of a choice of career should not be placed on any person. The idea of a two-year term of mandatory military service being implanted has been brought up. Military service should not be mandatory not only because it violates fundamental individual rights of humans, but also due to the fact that a military based on volunteers would operate much more impressively than one comprised of conscripted soldiers who would not have chosen to serve otherwise. One of the most fundamental problems with conscription is that it contradicts one of the main concepts that the United States was built on. The entire concept of conscription â€Å"violated fundamental principles of individual liberty† (â€Å"Should a Year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  n.pag.). To obligate one to serve in a field which they normally would not choose is to take away their rights as an individual to decide how best they should spend their working life. Aside from being ethically wrong on a basic level, conscription violates a literal law composed by the leaders of the United States. The 13th amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America says, â€Å"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction† (â€Å"Should a Year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  n.pag.). This unquestionably insists that any mandatory ... ...tary full of soldiers with this problem could very easily become insufficient. In conclusion, not only does conscription contradict fundamental human rights, it is also ineffectual due to the generally lesser-quality soldiers that it tends to produce. One of the ideas that the United States was built on, that individuals should have the liberty to decide how and where to work, is violated by the idea of conscription. Most times, drafted soldiers will perform less admirably than their professional counterparts; the general unwillingness to serve on top of the usual pressures of the military can physically and mentally impact them to a greater degree. Do not tolerate the idea of compulsory military service, especially in times such as this in which it is not at all necessary. Help those who support it understand why conscription is a blatant violation of human rights.

Let Bygones be Bygones Essay

A time in my life that I will always have memories of is being sent to J.J.A.E.P, which stands for Juvenile Justice Alternative Education Program in the 8th grade. The reason I was emitted to alternative school was because I brought a container of painkillers to school. I will not go into much detail about my time in J.J.A.E.P but it was a time that I wouldn’t want to relive. It was a moment in my life that I wanted to forget about completely and just move along. This right here is a good example of me siding with the saying â€Å" Let bygones be bygones†. What this quote means in todays society is that let the unpleasant events that took place in your past be forgotten. The Saying â€Å"Let bygones be bygones† dates way back in the 15th century when Shakespeare used the word â€Å"bygone† which simply meant ‘a thing that has gone by’, in his play called â€Å"The Winters Tale,† 1611: â€Å"This satisfaction, The by-gone-day proclaymâ €™d, say this to him.† As the years blew past the word â€Å"bygone† became more to be known as events that took place in the past specifically events that people don’t favor to remember. Disregarding the moments in your life that seem to be unpleasant to you or someone can be good because it wont haunt you at the most vulnerable moments in your life but at the same time its not good to just let bygones be bygones as they say because how is someone ever going to learn from their mistakes? So I believe that this quote can be debated and turned into something more like â€Å"Always remember the rough times.† The reason I choose to flip the quote the way I did is because all of the things I have done to be unsatisfying to others, myself, or even just being flat out wrong, I learned from those things and it has taught me to better myself as a person and as well as to better the things I do with my with my life. One example I can think of is when I got my first speeding ticket. Now I know that no one would be pleased to get a speeding ticket and when I got mine I was stunned. At the time of receiving my ticket I was hoping that this would be the only time id ever have to experience this. The only way I would avoid getting in the situation again is if id learn from my mistake and that is exactly what I did. I will always remember this tough moment in my life instead of going with the quote â€Å"let bygones be bygones.† If I would have just forgotten about my ticket and go on with my daily routine I could of have much worst consequences coming my  way. Everybody has those rough times in their life at one time or another either it be something big like getting bullied in school or something smaller like stubbing your big toe on a piece of furniture. This shows that there is certain scenarios where a person should remember the rough times and let bygones be bygones. There are a few examples I can think of that siding with the quote â€Å"let bygones be bygones† would be necessary and also remembering the rough times is more than okay in most scenarios depending on the person and their feelings about certain things. Some scenarios that I can list that letting bygones be bygones is okay in my opinion is getting in a fight with your friend or significant other is okay to forget about because there will always be times when you’ll get into an argument with others but over time the heated argument will be forgotten. A time where I think, â€Å"remembering the rough times† is most significant is when you or someone else has been through a struggle. For example getting arrested, failing in school, or even being in a house fire. These particular moments that someone goes through will more than likely always be remembered by that person. I believe that these two quotes â€Å"let bygones be bygones† and â€Å"always remembering the rough times† are both good and relevant quotes that people should live by. If it’s letting go of an incident that you weren’t proud of or just being wrong these quotes whichever one it might be are both meaningful and should always be remembered.

Is There Nowhere Else Where We Can Meet ?

The story begins with a clever prophetic metaphor, ‘reversal of elements' where the white sky is blackened by smoke. This speaks of the role reversal that is about to take place between the races of the boy and the girl. It warns us that there is going to be meeting and it won't be a particularly pleasant one. The title itself incurs thoughts of a romantic meeting, similar to the title of a Hollywood film. This gives the reader a clue that there is a sexual theme in this story.II)an initiation story1) Little red riding hood : journey/ hostile nature / sexual threat / big bad wolf Particular attention should be drawn to smells, they play vital role inthis story. e.g. the strong smell of old sweat burned at her nostrils, a filthy rag,a dusty green scent, he was clean, unhuman, the smell of him choked her.2) A regression process : turning into an idiot (absence of speech)3) Balance and imbalanceViolence is contained by fear.III) (south-african white) girl meets (black) boy : a tale of racial, spacial, sexual, social segregation :1) Irrational instinctive reaction on the girl's part2) Sense of place/displacement3) Fear of the UnknownThe story gets complicated with every minute, the heroine sees some red eyes, she does not knowwhether they belong to a dog or to a person. These red eyes evoke fear andsome interest, her hurt starts beating faster and faster. The author on purpose did not give any names because she wanted to generalize thatsituation and foreground some oppositions: white and black ( racial  context ), educated – uneducated, civilization – veld.

A Brief History of American Government essays

A Brief History of American Government essays Most Americans remembered and feared the harsh rule of the British king. It was cruel and unjust government. So, after the war the Articles of Confederation made it clear that the new government's power should not only be strong, but limited. It would prevent one man or one group from getting too much power. After the war, the people saw a need for a strong national government. At the same time, they did not want to take away all power from the states. This problem was solved by creating Federalism, which means that power is divided between the national government and the state governments. The people have the power to elect national and state officials. The national government has the power to deal with national issues. The states have the power over many local matters. As written in the Costitution, only the federal government can coin money or declare war. Also, it can regulate trade between states and with other countries. However, the states have the power over local governments and schools, to regulate trade within their borders, and they can decide who votes in state elections. Also, the Constitution says that powers not given to the federal government belong to the states. This happened to be a very useful law for the small states which fear federal government. Concurrent power s are shared by federal government and the states. It means that both can raise taxes, set up a system of courts, and the power to pass laws. In case of any dissagreements between the federal government and the states, the Constitution is the final authority. Also, to keep the government from becoming too powerful, the people came up with a new system called separation of powers. It meant creating three branches of government. Each branch would have its power. The first branch is called Legislative (Congress). It is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Under the Constitution, voters in each state elect members of the House of Repr...

The Future of CADCAM Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Future of CADCAM Assignment - Essay Example It was in the 1950's that the Numerically-Controlled machines were based upon the technology of paper tapes which had proper spaced holes punched into the papers. it is similar to the paper roll which makes piano works having only an inch width which is used to feed the numbers into controller machines. These are wired to join the motors positioning work over the machine tools. These controllers are electro mechanical that allows easy incorporation of the digital technologies in their original form. During the period of late 1960's these Numerically-Controlled machining centers were very easily available for the commercial incorporation of a variety of machining processes, and also enabling the automatic tool changing process. So these tools were capable of performing any work on the many faces of any kind of work further enabling the movement of the work piece to the specified positions which were previously programmed. This programming was done making use of a variety of automatic tools. Thus making it possible to do the same piece of work over and over, automatically with perfection and very little human input. The NC was immediately automated giving a newer level of manufacturing. The incorporation of feedback loops was also done. The development of APT was a breakthrough in the success of the NC technology which is a universal NC programming language. The Automatically Programmed Tools developed in1962, enables the programmers to develop the postprocessors, tailored to each type of NC tool. This helped in the output sharing between different units having different manufacturing capabilities. CAD and CAM Together now: CAD basically uses the software known as TTUA (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAD/CAM). It assists engineers, architects, designers in their activities. This geometrical tool in the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) also involves a special hardware. These tools are used and incorporated in almost every sector like manufacturing, designing, planning etc using the tools CIM, CAPP, FMS, and JIT etc. The development of Computer-aided design had its effect on the NC technology due to the differences in the formats of various files which were used initially by the drawing and manufacturing programs. " in the CAD world, we take a pencil out of the hand of the operator and place it into the hand of the computer" (Jan Bone,1994). With the newer and variety of CAD applications like Solid Works and Auto Cad and CAM applications like Master Cam, both designing and manufacturing sectors now use these variety of CAD/CAM software. Most of the CAD/CAM software are used more by architects these days, along with product designing and manufacturing. Future trends in CAD/CAM: Though the current CAD/CAM applications are much user friendly and satisfactory, and people do not think there is nay need for advances in the same, but the coming decade will have many advances in techniques and implementation of CAD/CAM, for the creation and manipulation of the work piece geometry. The standards for its applications will give more flexibility to its users in the interfaces, data transfer, computer designing and architecture etc. thus it can be said that these future developments will have a solid impact on both, the numerical control system and the manufacturing applications. By anticipating the basic questions like what is the direction of NC and CAD/CAM What are the

Evaluation of a planned actiity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation of a planned actiity - Essay Example But the ideas of some people concerning children growing up in bilingual environments have not in any way benefited these children, and may have an adverse effect on them. Therefore, when a parent changes jobs and it involves moving to a different part of the world, there is linguistic demand on them and their children (Romaine, 1995). During the first week, I observed the children in the role play area and offered guidance and assistance when needed. In the second week I joined the children in the role play area, initiating and supporting. Finally I introduced an old word processor in order to improve and extend the children’s writing skills. Children could use this to type things such as prescriptions, appointment sheets and health advice and print them off. By adding props which support early writing, it allows the children to make early attempts at writing through play. By adding this word processor to the role play area it will â€Å"help set the scene† for the topic area. This allows the children to get involved and makes the role play area more â€Å"meaningful† to the activity (Cooke, 1997, p. 122). On the first day, the teacher read a book called â€Å"A Day in the Life of a Doctor† to the whole class. The teaching assistant translated it to Urdu, a member of the EAL (English as Additional Language) department translated it to Tamil, and this in turn started a discussion about being ill and going to the doctor. A child in my group who is normally shy and timid started to participate in the conversation. When this child is home, her first language is Tamil and her English is very limited, however, listening to the lady translate it she started responding by telling how her sister had a cough and that her mum had to take her to the doctor. She was also listening to her peers explaining in English and she tried to start a simple sentence in English by saying â€Å"my mum†, then she stopped as she got embarrassed. This

What causes wars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

What causes wars - Essay Example Second reason for failure to bargain is that resources that parties can take over through a war have higher benefits than the benefits that may be obtained from reaching an agreement (Schultz, 2001, p.55). Thirdly, there may be a difference between the benefits that the leaders foresee and the benefits that the population foresees. Fourthly, information about the advantages and disadvantages of having a war are unclear to both the parties and, lastly, agreement cannot be practiced because other parties involved are against all agreements. A war may end up lasting longer if both the sides fail to reach an agreement or if the sides keep realizing that the cost of war is lower than its benefit. While on the other hand, if a war starts as there is little or unclear information of the strength of the parties, and as the war continues and information becomes clearer, the possibility of reaching an agreement becomes higher and the chances of the war ending soon even increases. Reasons that lead to failure to bargain between two parties are considered as rational reasons for war, but in general there are various irrational causes of war (Levy, 2010, p.67). These causes have certain amount of rationality as these causes are related to bargaining failures. Religion has been a cause of war for several years, two countries or states having different religious believes fight against each other on the basis of war (Salter, 1932, p.21). In this cause of war, it is thought that there is no material involvement, while the idea behind this cause of war may be to eradicate the existence of the population of one religion or increasing the population of one of the religious party at war. In this cause of war, parties fail to reach an agreement as they believe that they are being directed to fight this war by a higher authority. Leaders in this kind of war fail to reach an agreement as

The Little Ice Agehistory middle ages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Little Ice Agehistory middle ages - Essay Example These dramatic glacial advances often had important realistic consequences for nearby human populations. In the Chamonix valley which is quite close to Mont Blanc, France, numerous farms and villages were lost to the advancing front of a nearby mountain glacier. (Mann, ) The damage was so menacing that the commoners sought the help of the Bishop of Geneva to perform an exorcism of the dark forces which is presumed to be the ones responsible for such weather disturbance. During the late 17th and early 18th centuries such societal threats were common, since many glaciers extended well beyond their previous historical limits. Colder conditions combined with altered patterns of atmospheric movement, appear to be tied to the prevalent crop failures in the more northern areas of Europe during that time. During the 17th to 19th centuries, there are prevalent accounts of famine, disease, and increased child mortality in Europe which are partly related to the extreme colder temperatures and d istorted weather conditions. Undoubtedly in the European society, not all effects of the climate changes were harmful. When the Thames River in London froze, it was celebrated with a winter carnival. Furthermore, the colder climate appears to serve as an inspiration for some writers during that time. Charles Dickens' idea of the old-fashioned white Christmas was a concept that bloomed from the icy winters and frequent cold weather. The Little Ice Age may have been more significant in terms of increased variability of the climate, rather than changes in the average climate itself. Based from Michael E Mann's write up on Little Ice Age, it is said that the most dramatic climate extremes were less associated with prolonged multiyear periods of cold than with year to year temperature changes, or even particularly prominent individual cold spells, and these events were often quite specific to particular seasons. In Switzerland, for instance, the first particularly cold winters appear to have begun in the 1550s, with cold springs beginning around 1568: the year 1573 had the first unusually cold summer (Pfister, 1995). The increased unpredictability of the climate truly led to extreme changes between unusually cold winters and relatively warm summers. A harsh winter followed the hot summer that precipitated the Great Fire of London in the year 1666. This also weather alteration further added to the restlessness of pea sants who plagued the Bastille in Paris during the summer of 1789. The demise of the Norse settlements in Greenland that had been established during the early centuries of the second millennium has constantly been blamed from the cooling of the Little Ice Age. When the sea ice extended in the North Atlantic it certainly created problems for fishermen in Iceland and Scandinavia especially the Norse settlements in Iceland and Greenland. During the 14th century, the Norse settlements relied on trade with the mainland Europe but because of the increased winter some trade routes between Scandinavia and Greenland closed. With their food base affected since they are also unable to hunt sea mammals in the winter, Norse fortunes also declined rapidly. Malnutrition and premature deaths plagued

Health and Safety in Construction

Health and Safety in Construction This chapter begins with a general discussion on the concept of safety before examining the modern concern with workplace health and safety, specifically in the construction industry. To better relate to the scope of this study, it will also review the current workplace safety and health situation in the Singapores construction industry. Subsequently, an overview of the safety legislations and policies undertaken in Singapore to improve construction safety will be investigated. Introduction to Safety Although the term safety is very often used in our everyday life, the concept of safety can have various meanings for different people. According to Oxford Dictionaries Online, safety is defined as the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk or injury. Moreover, as safety is commonly viewed from the perspective of specific injury domains, some injury preventive researchers defined safety as the prevention of crime and violence whereas the others described it as a feeling of being out of danger or as a satisfaction of the basic human physiological needs. Hence, due to the multitude of views on the definition of safety, the World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centres on Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention has developed an international consensus on the conceptual and operational aspects of safety in 1998 (Nilsen et al., 2004). They have defined safety as a state in which hazards and conditions leading to physical, psychological or material harm are controlled in order to preserve the health and well-being of individuals and the community. This definition of safety contains two dimensions, of which one is objective and can be assessed by measuring behavioural and environmental parameters whereas the other is subjective and can be evaluated according to the feeling of being safe (WHO, 1998). In addition, safety is a resultant of a complex process which integrates humans behaviour and interaction with their physical, social, cultural, technological, political, economic and organisational environment. According to Maurice et al. (2001), the optimum level of safety can only be attained with the presence of four conditions that proved beneficial in defining the domain of safety. Table 2.1 indicates the four basic conditions for safety. Table 2.1 Four basic conditions that define the domain for safety Four Conditions for Safety 1)  A climate of social cohesion, peace and equity between groups that protects human rights and freedoms 2)  The respect of the values of individual and their physical, material and psychological integrity 3)  The prevention and control of injuries and other consequences or harm caused by accidents 4)  The provision of effective measures to cope with undesirable traumatic events Source: Maurice et al. (2001) Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Before 1880s, there was little interest in work safety and minimal protection for the safety of workers in their workplaces because legislation, precedent and public opinion were all in favour of the management (Pearson, n.d.). Moreover, workplace accidents were perceived to be cheap and were often disregarded because there were no workers compensation laws that protect the interest of workers. Thus, work-related accidents were common then. However, in the late 1900s, workers safety and health in the workplaces begun to receive increasing attention due to the rapid industrialisation of the United States (U.S.) and the establishment of unions that promote the need for safer working conditions. Hence, the high fatalities and injuries rate then compel the federal government to implement various acts to force the industries to reduce the occurrence of work-related accidents or illnesses so as to improve on the safety standards of their workplaces (Aldrich, 2001). Some initiatives of the federal government include passing of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) in 1970 and the enactment of the workers compensation laws. Therefore, tighter employers liability and the steep increase in the cost of accident due to the compensation laws have initiated the employers interest and concern with work safety (Aldrich, 2001; Alton, n.d.). As a result, significant improvement in the workplace safety and health performance can be observed as fatalities rate in the U.S. declines from 27 deaths per 100,000 workers in 1950 to 3.5 in 2011 respectively (BLS, 2012; Kaufman, 1997). The safety performance in British industry had also improved significantly since the introduction of the Health and Safety at Work Act (HSWA) in 1974 as the fatalities rate has decreased from 2.9 per 100,000 workers in 1974 to 0.5 in 2011 (HSE, n.d.). Like OSHA, HSWA is the primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety in the United Kingdom (UK). Figure 2.1 illustrates the work-related fatalities rate among different countries. Safety in the Construction Industry Safety has always been a major issue in the construction industry. In many developed and developing countries, the construction industry has constantly been ranked as one of the worst industries in terms of the frequency of fatalities and work-related injuries. Unlike the other industries where it mostly consists of a stationary fabrication setting with little changes in working procedures, equipment and labour force, the working environment in the construction industry is generally complex and ever-changing. This is due to the multidisciplinary and multitasked aspects of the parties involved in the project and also the use of sophisticated plants, equipment and construction methods (Teo, Ling, Chong, 2005). Thus, this highly differentiated and unstructured nature of the construction industry makes safety management extremely challenging (Gambatese, Hinze, Haas, 1997; Lingard, 2012; Zhang, Teizer, Lee, Eastman, Venugopal, 2012). Many research and studies over the years have attemp ted to look into improving construction safety using various concepts such as designing for safety (Gangolells, Casals, Forcada, Roca, Fuertes, 2010), HR practices (Lai, 2009; Lai, Liu, Ling, 2011) and BIM technologies (Azhar, Nadeem, Mok, Leung, 2008; Kiviniemi, Sulankivi, Kà ¤hkà ¶nen, Mà ¤kelà ¤, Merivirta, 2011; Qi, 2011; Zhang et al., 2012) For instance, the Britain authorities have long recognised that safety should be addressed from the very start of a project and they are the first to introduce the Construction (Design and Management) Regulation in 1994 and revised in 2007 respectively. This regulation places duties on clients, designers and contractors for consideration of safety issues from design through the demolition stage of a project (Hecker Gambatese, 2003). According to Gibb (2002), this regulation has lead to an increase in the profile of construction safety among designers in several European Union (EU) countries. Additionally, Australia has also introduced the Model WHS Regulation 2011 whereby have to provide a Safe Design Report that specify the hazards relating to the design of the structure to the person carrying out the construction work (Safe Design Australia, 2011). Therefore, good safety planning and management throughout the project life cycle become an essential prerequisite for most construction projects because without a thorough understanding of safety issues on site, undesirable work-related accidents will occur. This will then incur additional costs, unnecessary project delays and in the worst situation, the loss of lives (Lai et al., 2011). Therefore, the next section will attempt to understand the different safety issues on sites by first identifying the various root causes of accidents. Causes of Accidents According to Teo (2009), accidents are unintentional and undesirable events that can cause pain, suffering, damage and injury to the affected person(s) or property, if not a combination of both. While not all work-related accidents will cause physical injuries or damages, the occurrence of any accidents on site will definitely challenge the quality of the construction site operation. Therefore, there is a need to understand the various causes influencing safety performance in the construction industry so as to better develop strategies to tackle this concerning issue. A review of the literature on construction safety reveals that much research efforts have been directed to understand the factors and causes that can influence construction accidents (Abdelhamid Everett, 2000; Hamid, Majid, Singh, 2008; Hughes Ferrett, 2008; Suraji, Duff, Peckitt, 2001). Many types of theories have been developed throughout the decades to understand the accident causation factors. The earliest research can be traced back into the 1930s were Heinrich (1931) had pioneered the accident causation theories by developing the five-domino model of causation. The domino theory had been the foundation work of many other models that were developed by other researchers thereafter. According to Ridley (1976), most of the accidents on site are either caused by unsafe acts, unsafe conditions or frequently a combination of both. An unsafe act refers to a violation of an accepted safety procedures which then permits the occurrence of an accident whereas an unsafe condition refers to a hazardous physical condition or circumstance that are in violation of contemporary safety standards. Table 2.2 present the development of different theories that were developed to understand the accident causation factors. Table 2.2 Development of different models to understand the accident causation factors Types Characteristic of Model Model / Theory Authors Accident Causation Models Understand the various accident causation factors Develop tools for better accident prevention programme Domino Theory Henrich (1932) Multiple Causation Model Petersen (1971) Stairstep Model Adams (1976) ARCTM: Construction Model Abdelhamid Everett (2000) Behaviour Models Studies the tendency of humans to make errors under various situation and environment conditions Accidents are mainly a result of human unsafe characteristic only Accident proneness theory Accident (1983) Goals freedom alertness theory Kerr (1957) Motivation reward satisfaction Petersen (1975) Sociological theory of accidents Dwyer and Raftery (1991) Human Factor Models Holds human error the main cause of accidents Unlike the behaviour model, the responsibility not only fall on human unsafe characteristic alone The responsibility also fall on the design of workplace, which does not take into consideration the limitation of human Ferrel theory Ferrel (1977) Human-error causation model Petersen (1982) McClay model McClay (1989) DeJoy model DeJoy (1990) Source: Abdelhamid and Everett (2000) To tailor to the need of the construction industry in identifying the root cause of accidents, Abdelhamid and Everett (2000) had developed an Accident Root Causes Tracing Model (ARCTM) after further development and synthesis from various existing accident causation models. ARCTM proposed that unsafe conditions can occur before or after the start of an activity and they can either be caused by human-related or nonhuman-related factors. Table 2.3 illustrates the different causes of unsafe conditions that might lead to accidents. Similar to that proposed by Abdelhamid and Everett (2000) and Suraji et al. (2001), Toole (2002) has also tried to identify and attribute the basic root causes of construction accidents to factors such as lack of proper training, poor enforcement of safety, use of unsafe equipment, methods or sequencing, unsafe site conditions and a poor attitude towards safety. The aforementioned are just some of the many studies undertaken by researchers in an attempt to identify the root causes of work-related accidents so as to develop better preventive strategies (Hill, 2003). Even though there has been a significant improvement in the safety performance of the construction industry as compared to the past, more has to be done to further reduce the fatalities and work-related injuries frequency rate. Table 2.3 Main causes of unsafe conditions which can lead to accidents Main Causes of Unsafe Conditions Human Factors Management action or inaction Worker or co-workers unsafe acts Fail to provide proper or adequate personal protective equipment Violate workplace standards Insufficient ventilation Poor housekeeping Poor design Sabotaging equipment Unauthorised operation of equipment Insufficient rest while working Removing safety device Source: Abdelhamid and Everett (2000) Construction Safety in Singapore The construction industry in Singapore has been one of the fastest growing industries since Singapore embarked on her various industrialisation programme in the early 1960s. However, the safety situation in the industry then deteriorated so drastically that the government had to introduce the Factories Act in 1973 to regulate occupational safety and health in Singapore. Since then, Singapores statutory OSH regime was governed by the Factories Act. However, due to the high-profile and fatal accident that took place in Nicoll Highway in 2004, this had called attention to the need for a reform of the current legislative approach to OSH (Teh, 2006; Teo, 2009). This has therefore led to the unveiling of a new Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) framework in 2005 and the introduction of the WSH Act in 2006, which will repeal and replace the former Factories Act. The new WSH Act became the key legal instrument for the WSH framework and it aims to cultivate good safety and health practices among all individuals in their workplaces. Additionally, WSH 2015 Strategy was developed concurrently so as to complement with the new framework. This strategy aims to halve the workplace fatality rate from 4.9 fatalities per 100,000 workers in 2004 to 2.5 by 2015. As a result of the dynamic and changing WSH landscape, a full-fledged industry-led WSH Council was established in 2008 and a new national target was developed by identifying enhancements to the previous WSH 2015 Strategy. This new strategy, named WSH 2018 aims to achieve an even more challenging goal, which is to reduce the fatality rate to less than 1.8 fatalities per 100,000 employed workers by 2018 (WSH2018, 2009). With the introduction of WSH Council, WSH Council (Construction Landscape) Committee was formed and Implementing WSH 2018 for Construction Industry was developed specifically to guide the efforts of the construction industry to achieve better WSH performance. Following these efforts to increase the safety performance in the construction industry, it is noted that there is a remarkable improvement in the safety performance in 2011. According to the WSH Report 2011, construction industry was the only one that saw a drop in fatality numbers as the fatality rate decreased from 8.1 per 100,000 employed persons in 2010 to 5.3 in 2011, as shown in the Figure 2.2 (WSH, 2011). This is a significant improvement as the fatality rate of 5.3 in 2011 is the lowest-ever since 2006. Furthermore, the number of work-related injuries has also fallen by 22% as compared to 2010 (channelnewsasia, 2012). Despite the positive progression in the safety performance, it still remains as a serious concern as fatality rate continued to account for the highest among all industries in Singapore as shown in Table 2.4. Thus, in order to achieve the targeted result set aside for the construction industry as seen in Figure 2.3, all stakeholders will have to commit themselves to work towards a safe and healthy workplace with a vibrant WSH culture and zero injury (WSH2018Construction, 2010). In addition, more efforts have to be put to prevent falling from height because it remains as the major contributor to fatal accidents (see Figure 2.4). Till date, many studies have been conducted to look into improving construction safety in Singapore. For example, Ling, Ofori, and Teo (2004) have constructed a model to predict the safety level of a construction project site. Moreover, Ling and Teo (2006) have studied the intrinsic and external incentives on increasing worksite safety and found out that there are many personal factor that can affect site safety. Safety Policies and Legislation Ministry of Manpower (MOM) is the government regulatory body responsible for the enforcement of workplace safety and health legislations. Throughout the years, MOM, in collaboration with other government agencies and stakeholders have put in extensive efforts in achieving significant and sustained improvement in the WSH performance for the construction industry. In this section, various policies and legislations that have been introduced particularly to improve on the safety performance in the construction industry will be discussed. Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Act In the past, Singapores primary legislation in the construction safety regime was governed by Chapter 104 of the Factories Act and Section 68 and 77 of the Building Operations and Work of Engineering Construction (BOWEC) Regulations (Cheah, 2007). However, due to the spate of high-profile accidents in 2004, MOM saw the need for a fundamental reform of the former safety policies and legislations in order to curb the rising numbers of work-related accidents on site. Hence, as part of the new WSH framework that was introduced in 2006, the Factories Act was repealed and replaced by the Workplace Safety and Health Act on 1 March 2006. As a result, the OSH regulation has evolved from a highly prescriptive (rule-based) system to a more descriptive (performance-based) approach. Unlike the former Factories Act where industry players were expected to comply with a fixed set of safety guidelines, the new WSH Act is focused on three guiding principles reduce risk at source, instil greater ownership of safety and health outcome by industry players, and impose higher penalties for poor safety management. This is a paradigm shift from the former Factories Act because it encourages every industry player to be more proactive rather than reactive to safety issues. Workplace Injury Compensation Act (WICA) The former Workmens Compensation Act has been replaced by the Workplace Injury Compensation Act (WICA), which came into effect on the 1st April 2008. Unlike the former Act which only covers manual and non-manual workers earning $1,600 or less per month, WICA is applicable for all employees regardless of their level of earnings. The enactment of WICA is essential because it safeguards the interest of all employees and employers as the former are now able to claim compensations for work-related injuries promptly without having to prove fault whereas the latter are protected against the fraudulent claims of errant employees (MOM WSHC, 2008). At the same time, this new Act enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of the compensation process and indirectly, influences the employers to pay more attention to workplace safety and health issues. In order for WICA to stay updated with the current market situation, amendments have been to WICA and it will take effect from 1st June 2012. The key objectives of the recent changes are to maintain a fair balance between the pay-outs for the injured employees and the responsibilities that fall on the employers and also, to ensure that the WICA framework remains efficient so that injured employees can receive compensation promptly (MOM, 2012). Some of the major changes include increasing the compensation limits, prohibiting compensation due to work-related fights and work-related exclusion clauses and expanding the scope for compensable diseases. Table 2.5 illustrates the recent amendments to the compensation limits. Safety and Health Management System (SHMS) Safety and Health Management System (SHMS) is a systematic process that is mandatory for all workplaces such as worksite, shipyard and factories in Singapore. It provides a platform for goal setting, performance measurement and clear management commitments and direction in order to manage human and organisational risks (MOM, n.d.-b). SHMS guides the efforts for an effective and proactive implementation of risk control measures to reduce work-related injuries, which will subsequently lead to a long-term reduction in operational costs (Baliyan, 2008). To build up an effective SHMS, it has to adhere to the relevant WSH legislation and guidelines set out for the construction industry, such as the SS 506 Part 1: 2009 Occupational safety and health (OSH) management system and CP 79: 1999 Safety management system for construction worksites. In tandem with the SHMS, audits and reviews must also be carried out periodically on SHMS to ensure its continual performance (MOM, n.d.-a). Table 2.6 s hows the requirements for SHMS audit or review depending on the projects contract sum. To make sure that SHMS is effective and relevant in addressing construction safety, Teo et al. (2005) have developed a model to measure the effectiveness of the SHMS of construction sites in Singapore. Summary of Chapter This chapter has looked into the concept of safety before focusing on workplace health and safety especially in the construction industry. 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S., Kullberg, A., Timpka, T., Ekman, R., Lindqvist, K. (2004). Making sense of safety. Injury Prevention, 10(2), 71-73. doi: 10.1136/ip.2004.005322 Pearson, C. (n.d.). The history of work safety. eHow. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/about_7522903_history-work-safety.html Qi, S. T. H. (2011). Adopting building information modelling (BIM) to improve workers safety. (Unpublished undergraduate dissertation). National University of Singapore, Singapore. Ridley, J. (1976). Safety at work. London: Butterworths. Safe Work Australia (2012). Safe work health and safety statistics, Australia. Retrieved from http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA/AboutSafeWorkAustralia/WhatWeDo/Publications/Documents/677/Key_Work_Health_and_Safety_Statistics_Australia_2012.pdf Safe Design Australia (2011). Model work health and safety act revised draft 23. Retrieved from http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA/AboutSafeWorkAustralia/WhatWeDo/Publications/Pages/model-work-health-safety-act-23-June-2011.aspx Suraji, A., Duff, A. R., Peckitt, S. J. (2001). Development of a causal model of construction accident causation. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 127(4), 337-344. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2001)127:4(337) Teh, L. (2006, May 3). Workplace Safety and Health Act Emphasizes Self-Regulation. Singapore International Law Office. Retrieved from http://www.internationallawoffice.com/newsletters/Detail.aspx?g=43a52fd5-ae7b-47bb-9818-2cf5b725e871 Teo, A. L. (Eds.). (2009). Safety, health and environment management. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Education (Asia). Teo, A. L., Ling, Y. Y., Chong, F. W. (2005). Framework for project managers to manage construction safety. International Journal of Project Management, 23(4), 329-341. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.09.001 Toole, T. (2002). Construction Site Safety Roles. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 128(3), 203-210. doi: 10.1061/~ASCE!0733-9364~2002!128:3~203! Workplace Safety and Health Committee, WSHC. (2009). WSH 2018 A national strategy for workplace safety and health in Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.wshc.sg/wps/themes/html/upload/cms/file/WSH2018_lowres.pdf Workplace Safety and Health Committee, WSHC. (2010). Implementing WSH 2018 for the construction sector in Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.wshc.sg/wps/themes/html/upload/cms/file/WSH%20Construction%20Sectoral%20final_lowres(1).pdf Workplace Safety and Heath, WSH Ministry of Manpower, MOM. (2011). Workplace safety and health report 2011. Retrieved from https://www.wshc.sg/wps/themes/html/upload/announcement/file/WSH%20Stats%20Report%202011.pdf. World Health Organiation on Community Safety Promotion, Sweden, World Health Organiation on Community Safety Promotion, Quebec World Health Organisation (1998). 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Narrators Role in Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby and Kerouacs On The R

Narrator's Role in Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby and Kerouac's On The Road Over the last fifty years, since the release of On The Road in 1957, it has not been uncommon for critics to draw parallels between Kerouac’s semi-autobiographical novel and Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, released thirty-two years previously. It is for certain that both the novels share many similar traits, both examine concepts of American ideals and The American Dream, both are heavily influenced by the jazz age of the time, but nothing binds the novels closer to one another than the authors’ use of the first person narrative and that narrators relationship with their leading character. It is perhaps the most common reading to see both Jay Gatsby and Dean Moriarty awarded iconic status by their corresponding narrators. The connotations concerning the epithet found in the very centre of Fitzgerald’s title alone can bring an image to the reader’s mind of one of history’s great leaders, putting Gatsby in league with characters such as Alexander the Great, Catherine the Great, Peter the Great and Frederick the Great. It would seem obvious from the title that Gatsby is one beheld with admiration and respect by the narrator. The relationship between Kerouac’s Sal Paradise and Dean Moriarty is often viewed in much the same light. The importance of Dean to Sal is visible from his very first paragraph, where he states that, â€Å"the coming of Dean Moriarty began the part of my life you could call my life on the road†. Within a short time period, Sal allows his life to be turned in a completely different direction by someone who is basically a stranger. This willingness to uproot and follow somebody else’s lifestyle pays a great complim... ... with the door flapping, and roar off to the next available spot, arc, pop in, brake, out, run. It would be easy to substitute the car in this instance with a woman to come up with a justifiable description of Dean’s attitude towards women. Just in the way Sal admires and enthuses about his car-parking abilities, describing him as, â€Å"†¦the most fantastic parking-lot attendant in the world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Sal admirers and enthuses about his sex life. In 1991, Eagleton published an essay with a Marxist sentiment declaring that, much like Nick, â€Å"Sal is suffering from ideology – a false consciousness that is imposed on them by the hegemonic social order†. This adds to the link between the two narrators concerning their feelings towards their leading characters; in particular the manner in which they both admire the achievements made by Gatsby or Dean in their love lives.

MBA Future

I have a strong interest in pursuing a master of business administration (MBA) degree, as I believe it will be beneficial in helping me achieve my short term and long-term goals. It will make me competent enough to fit in the wider job market. This will come with increased income earning which is a key to good life. Good life or better living is everyone’s dream while advancing in one’s career and being no exceptional I want to pursue it for that cause. I have a wealth of experience from my educational background. I have also gained work experience from different positions over the years the degree will improve my efficiency when combined with the qualities I already have. I intend to take a major in marketing that I have been specializing in and a minor in entrepreneurship. I took a B.A Business Administration with a concentration in marketing. I graduated with a 3.5 in major and outstanding performance rendered me honors. Currently I am working within media advertising that comprises of television and radio. Pursuing this degree will equip me with the necessary expertise to be in the capacity of handling of handling issues appropriately especially at senior positions. Since my long term goal is to be president of a company. (http://www.unhmba.org) My other interest is researching brand management and the degree program will enrich me in skills needed in this area. I will be better placed with the ground information and the theoretical skills from the class. I have demonstrable ability to perform excellently in business classes and given the opportunity I would be outstanding in business school. My main interest is in the entertainment industry of which I have a solid background on. In 2001 I worked for a small marketing and event-planning firm that has now advanced. My 3 years experience when working with Sony-BMG as an assistance field marketing representative gave me exposure to the world of marketing and is a plus to my skills. I am proud to be part of the team that saw eWork Inc company grow from a small marketing and research to what the company is now. I was very influential especially on the Southeast region. I handle more than 30 people in my current position the skills I would get will improve my leadership skills. Working in my current position entails conducting movie surveys as well as holding premiers for upcoming movies. I am part owner of a t-shirt company that deals with presidential candidate. This entails strategic. Marketing plans to succeed and hence calls for skills or tact. To gain maximum exposure we plan to participate in the famous Oprah Winfrey show. My long-term goal of being a president of a T.V production company and being responsible for the marketing and company sponsorships will be well realized after attaining skills in the MBA program. (http://www.unhmba.org) I have constantly been involved in volunteering activities like in a mentor program that helps risk teens, AID Atlanta, hands on Atlanta and MS walk where I was among the top. Taking classes in the spring will enable me to be well prepared in joining the business school. My main reasons for choosing University of D and Wayne state is that its location will reduce the distance barriers from my fiancà © who has just moved to Detroit. They offer attractive placement rates and the small classes will offer a favorable or conducive environment for learning. It is also in a place where jobs will be easily accessible. Reference: United Network of help with Masters of Business Administration programs.2007. Retrieved on 31st October 2007 from http://www.unhmba.org   

Importance of the Humanities Essay

There has been much debate about the importance and benefits of funding the humanities in school. Many people are of the view that the study of the humanities is a waste of time and that more money and effort should be expended on teaching the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). On the other hand there is the school of thought which express the importance of maintaining the humanities. Others like Christina Paxson in the article â€Å"The Economic Case for Saving the Humanities† have posited the view that there be a â€Å"cross pollination between the sciences and the humanities†. I am of the view that the humanities are essential and should remain an integral part of the education system. Like Paxson I agree that individuals should be exposed to both the humanities and the STEM disciplines. The humanities are basically the study of the different ways in which people from different parts of the world and during different periods of history have processed and documented the human experience. It is the humanities that we have used to make sense of the world in which we live and also to make records of our experiences. Humans have made sense of the world in which they live through philosophy, literature, religion, art, music, history and language. Having records of human experiences allows individuals to feel connected to those who were before us and also our contemporaries. I strongly believe that the study of humanities is important because not only does it allow us to understand the world in which we live but it also gives us insight into everything and brings clarity to our future. By doing the humanities individuals learn to think creatively and critically. They know how to ask questions and to reason. According to Paxson we need to create well rounded individuals who will be experts in any situation. She argues that the country does not need experts in one subject but a civil society in which everyone can provide meaningful insight into any topic of conversation. As Paxson points out we are living in a global world. As such it is important that we have knowledge of other cultures in order to negotiate our way in this complex village. The United States for example have to form relationships with other countries and it is important that the powers that be know who they are dealing with. Paxson cites the example of the importance of having experts in Arabic and the history of Islam after the September 11 attacks. Through their knowledge the US gained insight into what motivated these individuals and how to possibly respond to them. Knowledge of these people would not have been possible without the study of humanities. The humanities provide us with a number of intellectual and emotional skills that we need to have in order to operate in our society. These are not acquired naturally but rather through the study of a number of humanities. The humanities helped me a lot in my last job at a bank. It strengthened my communication skills both in written and spoken word. I was able to communicate with internal customers, coworkers, easily and without being socially awkward. I was also able to challenge and make recommendations to policies in a respectful manner. I dealt with external customers promptly and efficiently due to the fact that I was able to understand their transactions and queries. In the first part of the video â€Å"Why Look at Art† a lady says, â€Å"I think it’s important [that] people look at art, because we live in a visual world. † This is true; we definitely live in a visual world. Look at it this way, if it was not for art, computers and other electronic devices could only be used by programmers as they were just a series of codes and commands. The introduction of the GUI, Graphic User Interface, solved this problem. The GUI had images that everyone could relate and easy to use. If it was not for art these devices would not be as successful as they are today and would not form the backbone to our means of communication. Throughout this paper I have sought to highlight the importance of humanities as a course of study. Humanities encompasses a wide range of areas that can be applied to our daily existence and enhance our interpersonal interactions, it is therefore important that the humanities remain an integral part of one’s educational experience. This is basically to ensure that one becomes wellrounded, socially accepted individuals.